THIS E-BOOK ONLY SAMPLE NOT COMPLETE ILLUSTRATION, THE COMPLETE ILLUSTRATION EXIST ONLY TEN CD-Rom
Copyright @ Dr Iwan 2016
If you want buy the complete E-Book, please contact iwansuwandy@gmail.com, please upload your iD-Card copy with complete adress and shorth working history, and to more communication you must be my web blog Premium member with tarnsfer US 25,- or send enenvelope via airmail with stamps or old money with the same value. The price of this CD-Rom Only US 100.-
Dutch East Indie
47 Pins
Memories of the colony Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) before…
This Day in History: Mar 20, 1602: Dutch East India Company…
Indonesia ~ Memories of the Dutch colony: Dutch East Indies…
DUTCH EAST INDIES – CIRCA 1945: A stamp printed in the…
Netherlands Indies 25 cent lila met variëteit kopstaande…
Netherlands Indies 20 cent blauw met variëteit kopstaande…
Netherlands Indies 2½ gulden oranjebruin en lichtblauw met…
Netherlands Indies 1928. Airmail.40 cents on 80 Cents…
5th World Scout Jamboree Netherlands East Indies stamp 1937
Netherlands Indies – Shadow figure from the Wayang Kulit
Nertherlands Indies – Tjakalele war dance, Nias Island.
Nertherlands Indies – Dayak dancer, Borneo
Netherlands Indies – Menari dancer, Amboin
selectedcollecting: Netherlands Indies Hulpuitgifte 50 cent…
Netherlands Indies – Legon dancer, Bali
Netherlands Indies – Hulpuitgifte 32½ op 50 cent type I…
Postal history collections
Look more info in another E-Book about Postal history like below
1899 Port Said, 25c on 10c black/lilac, both overprints in…
1893 Morocco, Timbre Poste overprint on 10c black postage…
1903 Morocco, 5c on 5c postage due overprinted boxed P.P..
1903 Morocco, 10c on 10c postage due overprinted boxed P.P..
1893 Morocco, Timbre Poste overprint on 5c black postage…
1906-8 Indo-China, 10f red/green, variety Chinese overprint…
1921-3 Alexandria, 30 Mill. on 15 Mill on 1fr, lake and…
1921 Alexandria, 60 milliemes on 2fr deep lilac and buff.
1892 Obock, 75c on 1fr, commerce pair, variety one with…
1892 Obock 5fr on 1fr overprint, variety double 5.
1892 Obock, 5F on 1fr, variety double F – 1 in blue.
1892 Obock, 1fr ‘commerce’, variety double overprint.
1892 Obock, 2 on 10c black, variety double overprint and red…
1892 Obock, 2 on 15c, surcharge inverted in pair with…
1919 Hoi Hao, 2pi on 5fr blue, variety 2 piastres treble.
1908 Yunnanfou, 5fr blue ‘YUNANNFOU’ overprint error.
1908 Yunnanfou, 10fr violet ‘YUNANNFOU’ overprint error.
1921 Alexandria, 60 milliemes on 2fr, lilac and yellow.
1889 French Indo-China, 75c variety ‘Indo China inverted’.
GERMANY – RAILWAY LOCAL STAMPS OF GERMAN STATES Mostly…
BRITISH LEVANT – TURKISH 1911-13 4p on 10d, SG 31b, NHM…
Created By
Dr Iwan suwandy,MHA
Ret.Police senior Superintanadant
Cobnsultan information
Copyright @ 2015
VOC Rijksdaalder 1799
The first papermoney of the Netherlands Indies.
At the end of the 18th century, the first kind of papermoney appeared in the Netherlands Indies. The notes were issued by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) that represented the Dutch interests in the East.
Many money transports from the Netherlands got lost and the wars with England twarted these transports regularly. Also the political uncertainty in Europe due to the French revolution and the war between France and England, resulting in the occupation by the English of the Dutch possessions in the East and West, bothered the VOC substantially.
As a consequence, the decay of the VOC started in the second half of the 18th century. The subsequent scarcity of money and the shortage of precious metals for coinage, led to the issuing of papermoney in 1782. The notes were issued in a period during which France also re-introduced papermoney and a number of other European countries also started using papermoney, like Sweden, Denmark and England.
Initially interest bearing bonds were issued (6%) in denomiations of 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 en 1000 rijksdaalders. In 1873 the interest was not applied anymore. The notes were issued in multiples of rijksdaalders, starting from 1 up to 1000 rijksdaalders.
The exchange rate of these credit notes and the exchange against cash was problematic due to the impoverished situation of the VOC and resulted in substantial depreciation and the notes being sold at exchange rates lower than 15%.
Just before the VOC got bankrupt in 1799, the Netherlands Indies government issued new emissions, even during the French occupation (in the name of King Lodewijk Napoleon) and the English occupation (in the name of the English East India Company EEIC)) until approximately 1810.
Example of this first papermoney, a rijksdaalder from 1799, good for 48 zwaare stuyvers Indish money, issued in t’ Casteel (the Castle) in Batavia. The notes carry authenticity marks with VOC stamps on obverse and reverse, on handmade paper and has signatures by Brongers, Brinkman and Kleijnst(?).
This extremely rare note was for sale in the auction of Collectplaza International Auctions on May 30, 2010. Bidding started at 28.000 Euro. source RobH
I have seen a very rare Dutch east Indie (Hindia Belanda)
Coin(Numismatic History Collections)
Willem One Silver Coins
Price ?
Source
T.Sitohang
postal history Collection
Landmail
(This Land-Mail label has a variety: two l’s in ‘Maill’)
These labels were used on letters coming from Europe that were picked up by the Netherlands Indies authorities in Singapore (they were transported by the English through the Suez canal by so-called land mail and not the longer way around South Africa). The labels indicate a fee for the transportation from Singapore to Netherlands Indies. They were used from 1845 to 1847 and are rare. The shown envelope and label are from the dutch PTT museum in the Hague. The text on the labels reads: ‘brought in by land mail. To be paid f…. Batavia’, the date and the amount to pay were written in the labels. Another example:
imilar labels seem to exist with inscription: ‘Aangebragt per Land-Mail Te betalen duiten Batavia,’, they are slighly smaller. If somebody posesses a picture, please contact me!
|
Value of the stamps |
|||
vc = very common
c = common
* = not so common
** = uncommon
|
*** = very uncommon
R = rare
RR = very rare
RRR = extremely rare
|
||
| Value | Unused | Used | Remarks |
| All labels | RRR | RRR | |
source Klaseboer.
1845, Zustellungsmarke „Aangebragt per Land-Mail. Te betalen port (hds: 216) koper. BATAVIA (hds: 12/4 1846)” auf Faltbrief von Bordeaux (datiert 24.1.46) via Suez, Ceylon und Singapore nach Batavia, Java, aufgrund von säurehaltiger Tinte kleine Fehlstellen innerhalb der Anschrift, sonst einwandfreie und frische Kabinett-Erhaltung!, Fotoattest Brun&Fils, Paris. Catalog Price 4000,00[Zust. I ]
Bid Info: Price: € 4,000.00 Sold For: €3600.00
1845,
entire folded letter dated Batavia 25. August 1845 with blue oval BATAVIA (posthorn) / ONGEFRANKEERD to Buitenzorg, red ms. 20. Clean condition
18(?) date not clear,
entire folded letter dated with
red oval PROBOLINGO (posthorn) / ONGEFRANKEERD” to Buitenzorg, red ms. „20”. Clean condition
Dr Iwan comment, I have also from Bekasi.
1847
1846, Zustellungsmarke „Aangebragt per Land-Mail. Te betalen port (hds. 150) duiten BATAVIA (hds: 10 Jan 1847)” auf Faltbrief mit blauem K1 „AMSTERDAM 21/11 (1846)” und „P” via Marseille nach Samarang, Java, aufgrund von säurehaltiger Tinte kleine Fehlstellen innerhalb der Anschrift, sonst einwandfreie und frische Kabinett-Erhaltung! Catalog Price 4000,00[Zust. II ] Sold For: €3600.00
Comment in google eksploration as upload below
And After that I starting to safe another related info , and when almost completing added with my own postal history collections the E.Book get finished
Thanks for the owner of the collections below for permission to upload because I cannot remember all the name , and I only write form google eksplorations
Bag your pardon if anyone have the same postalbhistory, and I diidnot mantioned their name, please contact me via email iwansuwandy@gmail.com and I will put your name as references
This E-Book special for my wife and sons.
Jakrta, Indonesia, 14 Oktober 2015
Dr Iwan suwandy,MHA
Consultant Information
The DEI
Postal ,Archives and numismatic history
Pre 1911
Collections
Created By
Dr Iwan suwandy,MHA
Private limited E-Book In CD-ROM Edition
Special For Specialist collectors
Copyright@2012
PRE 1880
629
Queen Puran of Sasanid Kindom silver coin in 629 found at Bukittinggi(provenance Dr Iwan)
1498
Portigeus colonial Map in 1498
1521
Austria: Ferdinand I (1521-64) AR ½ Taler. c.1550. Bust right; rev: Double headed eagle. Edge chip, flan crack G. Extremely rare, this date unrecorded & only 1 other Austrian ½ Taler (in WA Museum) recovered from the wreck. West Australian Museum certificate no 11977. (P) Estimate A$1800
1527
Then, came the French around 1527, under the command of a politician and the businessman
Jean Ango.
He sent two merchant ships, led by the two brothers Jean and Raoul Parmentier
. Both of these vessels had entered the offshore Pariaman and stopped at Tiku and Indrapura. But his men languishing disease, so the record’s two brothers are not commonly found. (Shvoong, 2002)
Jean Ango. bring Lyons d’or (Gold Lion)
écus d’or (Gold Crown)
The first minting of the Gold crown began in 1336. It was called so becasue it depicted the kings shield.
Its value relative to the money of account has fluctuated throughout the century, and was struck by Louis XI (1461-1483) to Francis I (1515-1547).
The Golden Lion is a coin with the image of a gold lion at the feet of the king of France seated. The first gold lions were first issued in 1338 under the reign of Philip VI. Other coins, minted in Flanders and Brabant in the fifteenth century are also called “Golden Lion”.
This coin bring by when he came to Pariaman west Sumatra
1536
Germany, Saxony-Ernestine line, Johann Fredrich & Georg (1532-1539), silver ½ Taler, c1536, (11.830g). Three Shields. rev Helmet. Water worn, poor VG. Fractional Thalers from this wreck are very rare. Western Australian Museum Certificate #11980. (P) Estimate A$1200
1541
MONETA.NOVA.GRAISCH.HAG Christian Roman Empire silver coin 1541 found at Bukittinggi(Provenannce Dr Iwan)
1568
Spanish Netherlands, Brabant, Philip II silver Burgundian Daalder, 1568, Maastricht. (26.858g). Crown above cross dividing date. rev. Crowned arms in Order chain. D-8640. Western Australian Museum Certificate no 10894. Rare only 3 of this date recorded (P) Estimate A$2500
1600
EAST INDIA COMPANY (EIC)
AND FIRST FLEET INTO BENCOOLEN~
Establishment~
The East India Company (EIC) or iin dutch VOC(Indonesian called Kompeni) was the oldest among several similarly formed European East India Companies, the Company was granted an English Royal Charter, under the name Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies, by Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600.
The original object of the group of merchants involved was to break the Dutch monopoly of the spice trade with the East Indies.
Therefore, EIC formed for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India
1619
Batavia in 1618
colony Dutch East Indies (Nederlands Oost-Indië)/Indonesia. From 1602 – December 27, 1949* 1968*[/B]
* Capital: Batavia/Jakarta (1619-1963)
* Surabaya
* Bandung
* Yogjakarta
* Malang
* Semarang
* Tegal
* Cheribon
* Makassar (Celebes)
* Medan (Sumatra)
* Padang (Sumatra)
* Palembang (Sumatra)
* Pontianak (Borneo)
* Banjarmasin (Borneo)
The Dutch East Indies, or Netherlands East Indies,
was the Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia. During the 19th century, Dutch possessions in the archipelago and its hegemony were expanded, reaching their greatest extent in the early 20th century. Traditional rulers who survived the colonial military conquests were installed as regents and indigenous aristocracy became an indigenous civil service. They were placed under a Dutch hierarchy of Dutch officials; the Residents, the Assistant Residents, and District Officers. This indirect rule did not disturb the peasantry and was cost-effective for the Dutch; in 1900, only 250 European and 1,500 indigenous civil servants, and 16,000 Dutch officers and men and 26,000 hired native troops, were required to rule 35 million colonial subjects. From 1910, the Dutch created the most centralised state power in Southeast Asian history with the capital in Batavia (modern-day Jakarta).
1620
Netherlands, Overyssel: Rijksdaalder 1620. Laureate ½ figure holding sword & provincial arms rev. Crowned shield dividing date. D-4832, KM-13. Minor surface deposits water worn. West Australian Museum certificate no 11996. (P) Estimate A$900
1622
Netherlands, West Friesland, silver rijksdaalder, 1622 (27.543g). Half figure right with sword holding provincial arms. rev. Crowned arms dividing date. KM-15.1, D-4842. Western Australian Museum Certificate no 10851. Attractive VF (P) Estimate A$3000
Netherlands, Gelderland: Rijksdaalder (48 Stuivers) (16)19. Laureate ½ figure holding sword & provincial arms rev. Crowned shield dividing date. D-4828, KM-16.1. Porous VG. West Australian Museum certificate no 11987. (P) Estimate A$900
1629
Sultanate Makassar gold coin
Sultanate of Makassar – ‘Ala al-din (1587-1629) – Coupang (¼ Mas) nd. (1587-1629) (NWC -) – Obv: Ruler’s title in Persian script / Rev: Persian script: ‘God keep his kingdom’ – Struck from eroding dies as is typical – 0,63 gram – Gold – VF
1640
.The first trading post, known as a station or factory, was set up at Surat on the Indian’s West Coast (Bombay Presidency) around 1612 and the second at Fort St. George (Madras Presidency) 1640.
British East Indiamen
~First Fleet of East Indiamen on Bencoolen~
The East Indiamen were ships operating under charter or license to any of the East India Companies of the major European trading powers of the 17th through the 19th centuries.
They were designed to carry both passengers and goods and to defend themselves against piracy, and so constituted a special class of ship.
1660
.
1674
The Dutch had first visited Lombok in 1674 and the Dutch East India Company concluded its first treaty with the Sasak Princess of Lombok.
Source Ebay
1685
The first British East Indiamen anchored in Bencoolen in 1685, lead by Ralph Ord and William Cowley.
Under the command of Captain J. Andrew, there were The Caesar, The Resolution, and The Defense. The EIC’s influence spread with Fort York (1685–1719)
Imprinted VOC period
(From 1602 till 18??)
(for explanation see text)
Back to home
Srs, St = Stuivers (nickels) = 5 cent (0.05 G)
Rd = Rijksdaalder (Rix-dollar) = 2,50 Dutch Guilder
A red asterisk * means that this revenue is not in my collection.
A famous revenue Publicist : John Barefoot wrote me:
The VOC mainly operated in Java, Sumatra and some other bases in India, Neth Indies/Celebes, and one in Japan.
For the period 1602-1800 a letter in some seals indicates the location:
C = Cap of Good Hope = NOT Netherlands Indies, but South Africa
S = Souratte = NOT Netherlands Indies, but a city at the west coast of India
Netherlands India:
A = Amboina
M = Makassar
T = Ternate
MD = Menado
and those without a code letter must be assumed to be Java (where most revenues were used) unless the document mentions any other place.
In 1800 the VOC financially failed, but was taken over by the Dutch State (Kingdom of Batavia) and the existing revenue marks continued in use still with the old VOC emblem.
From 1811 the English began to control some of the Dutch trading stations in the East Indies and used a “G” mark for Java, or other English-language marks.
6 stuivers 1788 in document
I am not sure if this are postal or fiscal seals:
Rd 2 (=2 x 2,50 = 5 Guilder) in document 1808. see below:
Rd 4 (=4 x 2,50 = 10 Guilder) in document, see below:
Rd 5 (=5 x 2,50 = 12,50 Guilder) in fragment 1808, see below:
Rd 8 (= 8 x 2,50 = 20 guilder) in document 1808, see below:
Document October 1st 1808
SOURCE
Hans vann scheik
1685
THE FIRST GARRISON:
REMNANTS OF FORT YORK
Me and John Verbeek observed the remnants of Fort York
The thick bushes in right side is ruin of the ramparts
Remnants of Fort York
Left End: Location of Fort York
Edge of Serut River Estuary
Fort York was established in small hill close the estuary of Serut River based on the agreement of 12th of July 1685 that The British EIC was permitted to build a settlement in the area close to the estuary, and built a fort to cover their village regarding the spice trading.
The agreement was prepared by EIC representative in Fort St. George in Madras, signed by Deputy Governor Ralph Ord and Young Prince from Sungai Lemau.
Gravestone of Richard Watts Esquire (moved from British Cemetery in Fort York)“Richard Watts Esq.
Sometime of Council for the
Right Honourable Company Affairs
In the Fort St. George
And in the year 1699 came
over Deputy Governor of this place
And in … years after
Made by … from
The Company the First President of this Coast
In this Station he departed
This life December 17th 1705 and
In the 44th years of his age
”.
Gravestone of George Shaw (moved from British Cemetery in Fort York)“George Shaw
Son of
Mr. Thomas Shaw
Of London Merchant;
After he had served the Right Honourable Company
as Factor in Fort St.
George for some time;
Came over in the year 1699
served of this place
In this Station he continued
Until has removed by the death, April 25th 1704
Atatis 28”Explanation:
“Atatis 36”, it stands for “anno aetatis suae 28”,
that means “”in the year of his age 28 years”
look more info from Driwancybermuseum
like below
Dutch former Colonies, Asia, Dutch East Indies – This Day in…
Het warenhuis van de Handels Vereeruging Onderling Belang op…
Paleis van Gouverneur Generaal Daendels met daar voor het…
‘De rond 1840 gebouwde Willemskerk in Batavia, de hoofdkerk…
BANDUNG HERITAGE. Javasche Bank Bandung (Bank Indonesia…
Mata Hari’s Jewelry Margaretha Geertruida Zelle (1876-1917)…
“KNIL, Royal Dutch East Indies Army” (Augustus, 1939) Photos…
Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij (now Museum Bank Mandiri)…
Detachement van het Oost Indische Leger KNIL dat bij de…
Het warenhuis van de Handels Vereeruging Onderling Belang op…
28 Dining room of the Hotel des Indes | Bangunan Peninggalan…
indonesia, JAVA BANDOENG BANDUNG, Grand Hotel Preanger…
Grand Hotel Preanger, Naripanweg (1930s)
Dutch East India Company – VOC – Copper Shipwreck 1 Duit in…
Like Pirates of the Caribbean, the Dutch and British East…
Unknown what and where in the Dutch East Indies in the…
Matray family in the Dutch East Indies around 1930 | by…
Communion in Meester Cornelis in the Dutch East Indies…
IMAGES FROM THE FIAT ARCHIVES 1900-1940 Photography Verwey…
fd83d250c305b1138565a0e1b0894fee.jpg 248×1.000 pixels
Indonesian Old Commercials:AUSTIN A40 Countryman, de lichte…
1719
Continued in Fort Marlborough (1719–1824), both established in Bencoolen, West Coast of Sumatra.Other factories were established in the Prince of Wales Island (Penang), Singapore, Malacca, Java, Borneo, Celebes, Siam (Thailand), Persia (Iran) and the Persian Gulf, Macao and Whampoa (China), and St. Helena.
~
In 1719,
shortly after completion, the fort was abandoned by the Deputy Govendor and the whole garrison in the face of the major di sagreement with the local rules. It was feared that anttack migh be made on the settlemen.
1722
South Sea Company ;
Top of Form
05/04/1722, Warrant to pay the dividend on Christmas 1721 £ 8239:2:1 South Sea Stock, # 87, 10.3 x 17.8 cm, black, beige, OU Lord Uxbridge. Grade: VF.
In August 1711,
the South Sea Company was founded.
The initial capital, the Company made before the British government as a loan, and in return received numerous privileges for trade with South America.
There, far Spain was the dominant power. In the first two years, the South Sea Company, however, took only six percent interest from the state. 1713 the company then acquired by France in the Treaty of Utrecht granted Asiento the British government.
Even barring the South Sea Company annually deliver 4,800 slaves in the Spanish colonies of South America. The business and the share price came in and running.
The price moved above a long time at 75 to 80 percent. The right bull, stock prices, however, continued on until early 1720, when it became known that the South Sea Company assumes more debt.
At the same time they could be given the right to increase the capital as often as they wanted. She was also free to choose the issue price. The price rose in the following months to more than 300 percent. There were other, very successful equity issuance. In early July 1720 the rate climbed to 800 percent.
That same month, a mega-issue of five million was made to the fabled course of 1,000 percent.
The London Journal wrote: “The turmoil of our whisk in the stock market this week has been so great that it exceeded all of unprecedented proportions. It was just a race from one cafe to another, from one tavern to another, to subscribe for shares to sign without checking the prospectus.
The general cry was: Let us ask God to draw and write with, it’s no matter what, “In the wake of the South Sea Company was founded more companies!.
Max Wirth has identified in his 1874 book “The history of the commercial crises” a total of 202 start-ups. But back to the South Sea Company: For courses by 1,100 percent in July 1720, the air was thin. The first salesman arrived on the scene. Just one month after the top, the paper had lost a third of its value.
Two months later, it was even with only one tenth of its prior record. Working with loans speculators were buried under their debts, several banks discontinued their payments, and even the Bank of England got into trouble. It was the first time – and, like the New Market has once again demonstrated, nor the last time in history – that much of the population belongings lost in the speculative frenzy.
The South Sea Company survived thanks to the reorganization measures bubble yet to 1853.
5 April 1722,
Warrant to pay the dividend on Christmas 1721 £ 8239:2:1 South Sea Stock, # 87, 10.3 x 17.8 cm, black, beige, OU Lord Uxbridge. Condition: VF.
The South Sea Company was founded in August 1711th The company used its foundation capital to buy state debt, and in return, it received Numerous privileges for trade with South America.
Until then Spain had been the supreme power there. However, in its first two years, the South Sea Company’s income was only six percent interest from the state. In 1713, the company acquired the right to the ‘Asiento’, Which had been granted by France to Britain in the Peace of Utrecht.
Under this agreement the South Sea Company was allowed to deliver 4.800 yearly slaves to the Spanish colonies. Thereafter, the company and the price of its shares slowly gathered momentum. Before, the share price had languished for a long time at 75 to 80 percent of the issue price.
The price did not start to boom until the start of 1720, when it became known that the South Sea Company would accept in payment for debts furtherstatetransitions its shares.
At the sametime, it reserved the right to increase its capital as often as it pleased.
Furthermore, it was free to choose the issue price. In the following months, the stock price boomed to more then 300 percent. Other very successful share issues followed.
Percent at the beginning of July 1720, the stock climbed to 800th In the same month, a mega-emission of five million at the phenomenal price of 1.000 percent what Carried out.
At the time, the London Journal wrote: “The turmoil of our wave makers at the stock market was so big, that it exceeded all of the until now known dimensions.
There was just a coffee house running from one to another, from one tavern to the next, to draw shares and to sign them without verifying the brochures.
The general call out what ‘For God’s sake, let’s draw and sign, it does not matter what!’ “In the shade of the South Sea Company, many more companies were promoted and a few were established. In his book “The history of economic crises,” published in 1874, Wirth, identified 202 such “bubble companies”. Back to the South Sea Company: In July 1720, with the price at 1.100 percent, the party was over. The first sellers trampled on the plan. Already one month after it had reached its peak, the share price lost a third of its value. Two months later, it stood at one tenth of its record high. Speculators who had borrowed to buy the shares were buried under their debts, various banks held back their payments and the Bank of England itself got into trouble. It was the first time – and as the Nasdaq has verified again, not the last time in history – that a large part of the public lost everything in a speculative rush. But the South Sea Company was too big to be allowed to fail. Thanks to major recapitalization measures by the government the company survived the speculation bubble and continued until 1853, although debt in its last years it did not trade and its main function was to service government
Imndonesian machinal translate
Surat Obligasi Tahun 1722
Top of Form
1722/05/04,
(May,4th.1722)
Warrant to pay the dividend on Christmas 1721 £ 8239:2:1 South Sea Stock, # 87, 10.3 x 17.8 cm, black, beige, OU Lord Uxbridge
5 April 1722,
Menjamin untuk membayar dividen pada Natal 1.721 £ 8239:2:1 Laut Selatan Stock, # 87, 10,3 x 17,8 cm, hitam, krem, OU Lord Uxbridge. Kondisi: VF.
Pada bulan Agustus 1711,
South Sea Company didirikan.
Modal awal, Perusahaan dilakukan sebelum pemerintah Inggris sebagai pinjaman, dan sebagai imbalannya menerima hak istimewa untuk banyak perdagangan dengan Amerika Selatan.
Di sana, jauh di Spanyol adalah kekuatan yang dominan. Dalam dua tahun pertama, South Sea Company, bagaimanapun, mengambil hanya enam persen bunga dari negara. 1.713 perusahaan kemudian diakuisisi oleh Perancis dalam Perjanjian Utrecht granted Asiento pemerintah Inggris.
Bahkan pembatasan South Sea Company setiap tahunnya memberikan 4.800 budak di koloni-koloni Spanyol dari Amerika Selatan. Bisnis dan harga saham datang dan berjalan.
Harga bergerak di atas lama di 75 sampai 80 persen. Banteng yang tepat, harga saham, bagaimanapun, terus sampai 1720 awal, ketika menjadi diketahui bahwa South Sea Company mengasumsikan lebih banyak utang.
Pada saat yang sama mereka dapat diberikan hak untuk menambah modal sesering yang mereka inginkan. Dia juga bebas memilih masalah harga. Harga naik pada bulan-bulan berikut untuk lebih dari 300 persen. Ada lainnya, penerbitan ekuitas sangat sukses. Pada awal Juli 1.720 tingkat naik menjadi 800 persen.
Di bulan yang sama, masalah mega-dari lima juta dibuat untuk program dongeng dari 1.000 persen.
The Journal London menulis: “Gejolak dari kami cepat dalam pasar saham pekan ini telah begitu besar bahwa itu melebihi semua proporsi belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya Itu hanya perlombaan dari satu kafe ke yang lain, dari satu kedai ke yang lain, untuk membeli saham. untuk menandatangani tanpa memeriksa prospektus.
Teriakan umum adalah: Mari kita minta Tuhan untuk menggambar dan menulis dengan, tak peduli apa, “Dalam bangun dari South Sea Company didirikan perusahaan lagi!.
Max Wirth telah diidentifikasi pada tahun 1874 bukunya “Sejarah krisis komersial” total 202 start-up. Tapi kembali ke South Sea Company: Untuk kursus oleh 1.100 persen pada Juli 1720, udara tipis. Salesman pertama tiba di tempat kejadian. Hanya satu bulan setelah bagian atas, kertas telah kehilangan sepertiga dari nilainya.
Dua bulan kemudian, itu bahkan dengan hanya sepersepuluh dari rekor sebelumnya yang. Bekerja dengan pinjaman spekulan yang terkubur di bawah utang mereka, beberapa bank menghentikan pembayaran mereka, dan bahkan Bank of England mendapat masalah. Ini adalah pertama kalinya – dan, seperti Pasar Baru sekali lagi menunjukkan, maupun terakhir kalinya dalam sejarah – bahwa banyak barang-barang penduduk hilang dalam kegilaan spekulatif.
The South Sea Company selamat berkat gelembung reorganisasi tindakan belum
5 April 1722,
Menjamin untuk membayar dividen pada Natal 1.721 £ 8239:2:1 Laut Selatan Stock, # 87, 10,3 x 17,8 cm, hitam, krem, OU Lord Uxbridge. Kondisi: VF.
The South Sea Company didirikan pada bulan Agustus 1711th Perusahaan menggunakan modal dasar untuk membeli utang negara, dan sebagai imbalannya, ia menerima hak untuk Sejumlah perdagangan dengan Amerika Selatan.
Sampai saat itu Spanyol telah kekuasaan tertinggi ada. Namun, dalam dua tahun pertama, pendapatan Laut Selatan Perusahaan hanya enam persen bunga dari negara. Pada 1713, perusahaan yang diakuisisi hak untuk ‘Asiento’, Yang telah diberikan oleh Prancis ke Inggris dalam Perdamaian Utrecht.
Berdasarkan perjanjian ini, South Sea Company diizinkan untuk memberikan 4.800 budak tahunan ke koloni Spanyol. Setelah itu, perusahaan dan harga sahamnya perlahan-lahan mengumpulkan momentum. Sebelumnya, harga saham telah mendekam selama waktu yang lama di 75 sampai 80 persen dari harga masalah.
Harga tidak mulai booming sampai awal 1720, ketika menjadi diketahui bahwa South Sea Company akan menerima pembayaran untuk furtherstatetransitions utang sahamnya.
Secara bersamaan, pihaknya berhak untuk menambah modal sesering senang.
Selanjutnya, itu bebas memilih masalah harga. Dalam bulan-bulan berikutnya, harga saham menggelegar ke lebih dari 300 persen. Lain penerbitan saham sangat sukses diikuti.
Persen pada awal Juli 1720, saham naik menjadi 800 Pada bulan yang sama, sebuah mega-emisi lima juta dengan harga fenomenal dari 1.000 persen apa yang Melakukan.
Pada saat itu, Journal London menulis: “Gejolak pembuat gelombang kami di pasar saham adalah begitu besar, bahwa itu melebihi semua sampai dimensi sekarang dikenal.
Ada hanya sebuah rumah kopi yang berjalan dari satu ke yang lain, dari satu kedai ke depan, untuk menarik saham dan menandatangani mereka tanpa verifikasi brosur.
Jenderal memanggil apa ‘Demi Tuhan, mari kita menggambar dan menandatangani, tidak peduli apa!’ “Dalam naungan South Sea Company, perusahaan banyak yang dipromosikan dan beberapa didirikan Dalam bukunya.” Sejarah krisis ekonomi, “diterbitkan pada tahun 1874, Wirth, diidentifikasi 202 seperti” perusahaan gelembung “.
Kembali ke Selatan Sea Company:..
. Pada bulan Juli 1720, dengan harga di 1.100 persen, pesta usai Para penjual pertama menginjak-injak rencana Sudah satu bulan setelah itu mencapai puncaknya, harga saham kehilangan sepertiga dari nilainya
Dua bulan kemudian ., yang tercatat sebesar sepersepuluh dari rekor tinggi Spekulan yang telah dipinjam untuk membeli saham tersebut terkubur di bawah utang mereka, berbagai bank menahan pembayaran mereka dan Bank of England sendiri mendapat kesulitan Ini adalah pertama kalinya -. dan sebagai Nasdaq telah diverifikasi lagi, tidak terakhir kali dalam sejarah -.. bahwa sebagian besar dari segala sesuatu yang hilang publik terburu-buru spekulatif
Tetapi South Sea Company adalah terlalu besar untuk dibiarkan gagal Berkat langkah-langkah utama rekapitalisasi oleh pemerintah perusahaan selamat gelembung spekulasi dan terus sampai 1853, meskipun utang pada tahun-tahun terakhirnya tidak perdagangan dan fungsi utamanya adalah untuk pelayanan pemerintah
Original info
05.04.1722, Warrant to pay the Christmas 1721 dividend on £ 8239:2:1 South Sea Stock, #87, 10,3 x 17,8 cm, schwarz, beige, OU Lord Uxbridge. Erhaltung: VF. Im August 1711 wurde die South Sea Company gegründet. Das Gründungskapital schoss die Gesellschaft dem englischen Staat als Kredit vor und erhielt im Gegenzug zahlreiche Privilegien für den Handel mit Südamerika. Dort war bisher Spanien die vorherrschende Macht. In den ersten beiden Jahren nahm die South Sea Company allerdings nur sechs Prozent Zins vom Staat ein. 1713 erwarb die Firma dann die von Frankreich im Frieden von Utrecht gewährte Asiento vom englischen Staat. So durfte die South Sea Company jährlich 4.800 Sklaven in die spanischen Kolonien Südamerikas liefern. Das Geschäft und der Aktienkurs kamen dadurch langsam in Fahrt. Der Kurs bewegte sich zuvor lange Zeit bei 75 bis 80 Prozent. Zur richtigen Hausse setzten die Aktienkurse allerdings erst Anfang 1720 an, als bekannt wurde, dass die South Sea Company weitere Staatsschulden übernimmt. Gleichzeitig ließ sie sich das Recht einräumen, das Kapital so oft zu erhöhen, wie sie wollte. Zudem war sie bei der Wahl des Ausgabepreises frei. Der Kurs zog in den folgenden Monaten auf mehr als 300 Prozent an. Es folgten weitere, sehr erfolgreiche Aktienemissionen. Anfang Juli 1720 kletterte der Kurs auf 800 Prozent. Noch im gleichen Monat wurde eine Mega-Emission von fünf Millionen zum sagenhaften Kurs von 1.000 Prozent durchgeführt. Das London Journal schrieb damals: „Das Getümmel unserer Schaumschläger an der Börse ist diese Woche so groß gewesen, dass es alle bisher gekannten Ausmaße übertraf. Es war nur noch ein Rennen von einem Kaffeehaus zum anderen, von einer Taverne zur nächsten, um Aktien zu zeichnen, zu unterschreiben, ohne die Prospekte zu prüfen. Der allgemeine Ruf lautete: Lasst uns um Gottes Willen zeichnen und unterschreiben, es ist ja gleichgültig, was!“ Im Windschatten der Südsee-Gesellschaft wurden weitere Unternehmen gegründet. Max Wirth hat in seinem 1874 erschienenen Buch „Die Geschichte der Handelskrisen“ insgesamt 202 Gründungen ausgemacht. Doch zurück zur South Sea Company: Bei Kursen um 1.100 Prozent wurde im Juli 1720 die Luft dünn. Die ersten Verkäufer traten auf den Plan. Bereits einen Monat nach dem Top hatte das Papier ein Drittel an Wert verloren. Zwei Monate später stand es gar bei nur noch einem Zehntel seines Rekordstandes. Mit Krediten arbeitende Spekulanten wurden unter ihren Schulden begraben, diverse Banken stellten ihre Zahlungen ein, und selbst die Bank von England geriet in Schwierigkeiten. Es war das erste Mal – und wie der Neue Markt erneut unter Beweis gestellt hat, auch nicht das letzte Mal in der Geschichte -, dass große Teile der Bevölkerung Hab und Gut im Spekulationsrausch verloren. Die Südsee-Gesellschaft überlebte dank Sanierungsmaßnahmen die Spekulationsblase noch bis 1853.
5 April 1722, Warrant to pay the Christmas 1721 dividend on £ 8239:2:1 South Sea Stock, #87, 10.3 x 17.8 cm, black, beige, OU Lord Uxbridge. Condition: VF. The South Sea Company was founded in August 1711. The company used its foundation capital to buy state debt, and in return, it received numerous privileges for trade with South America. Until then Spain had been the supreme power there. However, in its first two years, the South Sea Company’s only income was six percent interest from the state. In 1713, the company acquired the right to the ‘Asiento’, which had been granted by France to Britain in the peace of Utrecht. Under this agreement the South Sea Company was allowed to deliver 4,800 slaves yearly to the Spanish colonies. Thereafter, the company and the price of its shares slowly gathered momentum. Before, the share price had languished for a long time at 75 to 80 percent of the issue price. The price did not start to boom until the start of 1720, when it became known that the South Sea Company would accept further state debts in payment for its shares. At the same time, it reserved the right to increase its capital as often as it pleased. Furthermore, it was free to choose the issue price. In the following months, the stock price boomed to more then 300 percent. Other very successful share issues followed. At the beginning of July 1720, the stock climbed to 800 percent. In the same month, a mega emission of five million at the phenomenal price of 1,000 percent was carried out. At the time, the London Journal wrote: “The turmoil of our wave makers at the stock market was so big, that it exceeded all of the until now known dimensions. There was just a running from one coffee house to another, from one tavern to the next, to draw shares and to sign them without verifying the brochures. The general call out was ’For God’s sake, let’s draw and sign, it doesn’t matter what!’” In the shade of the South Sea Company, many more companies were promoted and a few were established. In his book „The history of economic crises“ published in 1874, Max Wirth identified 202 such “Bubble companies”. Back to the South Sea Company: In July 1720, with the price at 1,100 percent, the party was over. The first sellers trampled on the plan. Already one month after it had reached its peak, the share price lost a third of its value. Two months later, it stood at one tenth of its record high. Speculators who had borrowed to buy the shares were buried under their debts, diverse banks held back their payments and the Bank of England itself got into trouble. It was the first time – and as the Nasdaq has verified again, not the last time in history – that a large part of the public lost everything in a speculative rush. But the South Sea Company was too big to be allowed to fail. Thanks to major recapitalization measures by the government the company survived the speculation bubble and continued until 1853, although in its last years it did not trade and its main function was to service government debt
1723
It was not until 1723 that the Ease India company despatched a new Deputy Govendor and staff to reestablish the settlement.
Following the return of the traders the military garrison, consisting of two companies of infantry and an artillery detachmen, was established. Repairs were made to the fort and the depences strengthened.
The local people who had been seriously affeced by the sudden departure of the settlers were once again contracted to suply pepper to the company. One of the major problems facing the military garrison was the distance between them and their ‘master’.
Requests for stores, gunpowder and such like had to be submitted to the court of Directort in London.
These would be despatched by the firt available sailing vessel returning to london, a journey which coul take as long as eigh months : 12-16 months for the ron journey. it is not the garris stores were at acrical level, and it is recorded that some times it became necessary for vital.Stores, such as gunpowder, to be requesisioned from traiding vessels calling at Bencoolen.
The garrison at this time was supplied wit sepoy troops from the madras presidency in India, although frequent use was made of the buginese troops from the celebes Island.
1734
VOC one doeit coin 1734
1735
Shipwreck ‘Viegent Hart’ Silver Coin
Shipwreck coin ‘Viegent Hart’ shipwrecked 1735, Dutch East Indies on voyage to Batavia, Java
1735
Silver and coins to be used in the East India Trade:
Spanish Eight Reals coins ‘Pieces of Eight’.
To the left a ‘Pillar Dollar’ type and to the right a ‘Cob’ type, and a bar of silver from the VOC, indented to be made into coins
1739
EMPEROR PHILLIPUS
Hispan Pillar Philips III OM in 1739,found bukittinggi(provenance Dr Iwan)
1747
In 1747 begon men al met bouwen op de grond waar later ons hotel Des Indes zou ontstaan.
1750
The Balinese had managed to take over the whole island by 1750, but Balinese infighting resulted in the island being split into four feuding Balinese kingdoms.
Source Ebay
1760
werd het terrein opgekocht door de latere Gouverneur-Generaal Reynier de Klerk :
1777-1780
Gouverneur-Generaal Reynier de Klerk
De residentie van Gouverneur-Generaal Reynier de Klerk is onlangs gerestaureerd
1776
Hispan Carolus III silver coin 1776 found bukittnggi(provenance Dr Iwan)
1785
Herman Willem Daendels (1762-1818)
Herman William Daendels lived in a very complex period of national history. As unknown as he is now so well known and controversial, he was in the late 18th and early 19th century.
He was son of the town clerk of Hattem. He studied law at Harderwijk and established himself as a lawyer in his hometown.
William Herman, a regent from family, was one of the leaders of the Hattemerbroek bourgeoisie, who sought a greater influence on the appointment of citizens of the city.
Patriot
In 1785
he was recommended for appointment ships placed. Stadtholder William V wished him not to appoint. Daendels now openly joined the Patriots Party.
The Patriots (patriotic) opposed Prince William V, without public participation in the provincial and municipal officials appointed boards.
1786
Uprising in Hattem
In 1786
led the then 23-year-old William Herman Daendels the uprising against William V. Hattem The patriotic citizen companies were supported by patriots from Overijssel. The Prussian troops of the prince, however, drove them to flee occupied and Hattem.
Daendels and many other patriots fled to France.
In 1788 the Court sentenced him in absentia of Ontario, with a sword over the head to be punished and to perpetual exile from Ontario;
The Daendelshuis and Daendelspoortje in Hattem recall the famous resident of this city.He followed with great interest the progress of the French Revolution and took a seat on the Batavian committee, that a revolution in the Northern Netherlands prepared
1791
VOC zeaolndia one doeit Coin 1791
East India Company, Bombay presidency, Proof Pice, 1791, bale mark, circulated in Sumatra at West Sumatra and Bencoolen as the part of British East India area.
1792.
When the favorable moment, Daendels seemed to have come in 1792
as a battalion commander of the Batavian Legion in French military service. As such he participated in the conquest of Belgium under Dumouriez. A year after his defeat at Neerwinden, in 1793, followed Daendels’s appointment as brigadier general in the Northern Army under Pichegru (March 1794). In this capacity he took part in the siege include: ‘s-Hertogenbosch and the conquest of the Bommelerwaard.
1794
French Revolution
In December 1794
the armies of Pichegru on the frozen rivers in the Netherlands.
The patriots had formed in France in a Batavian legion, under the command of General Herman Willem Daendels.
The people offered little resistance and Prince William V fled by fishing boat to England. The Patriots took control and called the Batavian Republic.
Daendels played a prominent role in domestic politics in drafting the new constitution.
Coup d’etat
Daendels volgede with scrutiny work to prepare a Constitution for the Batavian Republic. When this did not to his knowledge went, he committed his first coup, January 22, 1798 and continued with his grenadiers all Federalists outside the National Assembly.
On July 12 d.a.v. He grabbed it again and forced illegally elected Executive Directors to resign, which earned him the nickname Second Brutus. In 1798 the Executive Directors appointed him commander of the Batavian Republic of Batavian troops, who would participate in the landing in Ireland, but the expedition was called off.
In the following year he was the head of a Batavian division under the leadership of Chief General Brune, with an impending mandate English-Russian invasion of England to prevent. He could not prevent the successful landing in 1799.
Slander Campaign
Although he is in the further struggle behaved very bravely and enemies to the agreement of Alkmaar were forced to leave the country, was for Daendels’s many adversaries envious and a welcome opportunity to begin a campaign against him. They even accused him of treason. Disappointed took Daendels in 1800 resigned, settled as a farmer in Ontario and kept himself entirely aloof several years of politics.
1795
In 1795 a French-backed revolution in Holland expelled the Stadthouder,
William of Orange, who fled to Britain, where he issued the so-called ‘Kew Letter’, instructing VOC officials in the Indies to surrender their posts to the British on demand.
On this basis, the British occupied Melaka, Padang and Ambon without a struggle, Banda by surprise and Tidore by assault, but were unable to capture Kupang or Ternate
Monete e Medaglie Estere. Olanda-Indie Orientali. Repubblica Batava (1795-1806). Duit 1808. KM 76. AE. g. 3.09 BB.
Bid Info: Price: € 20.00
1 Gulden 1795 (Sch. 91a / Delm. 1179) – ZF-
3 Gulden 1795 (Sch. 79 / Delm. 1146) – F/ZF euro 40,-
Fine condition euro 1795.-
Duit 1785 E 25
1796
½ Gulden 1796 (Sch. 101 / Delm. 1200 / WES 117/R2) – PR/UNC /net exemplaar met mooie kleur en minieme randoneffenheden / zeer zeldzaam
Munten- en Postzegel Organisatie Numismatic Auction on
Closing: May 23 – May 26, 2012
Bid Info: Price: € 400.00
1797
Rare 3 Gulden 1797 with HOLL: (Sch. 81b/R / Delm. 1146) – ZF-
1798
Rare George III Gold Guenia 1798
1798
THE BATAVIAN REPUBLIC from 1788 until 1806
. In the time the possessions of the former VOC were administered by the Batavian Republic it was under the supervision of the Council of the Asiatic Possessions and Establishments (Raad der Asiatische Bezittingen en Etablissementen.)
The Batavian Republic introduced the use of the emblem of the sovereign in the colonies and this was continued by the following administrations. First this emblem consisted of an altar charged with an anchor and a dolphin, supported by a lion with the national flag and the Batavian Virgin with spear an hat of Liberty.
The legend of these stamps read “raad der asiat(ische): bezitt(ingen): en etabl(issementen) der bataafsche / republiek”. [13]In 1802 the emblem was changed into a lion rampant, armed with a sword and a bundle of arrows.On the stamps for use by the councils the emblem of state was surrounded by the legend “raad der asiat(ische): bezitt(ingen): en etabl(issementen)”.[14]Nevertheless on a florin for circulation in the colonies there appeared the old symbols of the Company and of the States General: a ship sailing to the sinister and the crowned arms with the lion with sword and arrows. This time the symbols can be considered as the symbols of the territory and of its ruler.
1799
The establishment of Bandung
When the Bandung regency led by the Regent RA Wiranatakusumah II, the powers of the Company on the archipelago ended due to the VOC went bankrupt (December 1799).
April ,2nd.1799
The VOC Papermoney 1799
The first papermoney of the Netherlands Indies
At the end of the 18th century, the first kind of papermoney appeared in the Netherlands Indies. The notes were issued by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) that represented the Dutch interests in the East.
Many money transports from the Netherlands got lost and the wars with England twarted these transports regularly. Also the political uncertainty in Europe due to the French revolution and the war between France and England, resulting in the occupation by the English of the Dutch possessions in the East and West, bothered the VOC substantially.
As a consequence, the decay of the VOC started in the second half of the 18th century. The subsequent scarcity of money and the shortage of precious metals for coinage, led to the issuing of papermoney in 1782. The notes were issued in a period during which France also re-introduced papermoney and a number of other European countries also started using papermoney, like Sweden, Denmark and England.
Initially interest bearing bonds were issued (6%) in denomiations of 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 en 1000 rijksdaalders. In 1873 the interest was not applied anymore. The notes were issued in multiples of rijksdaalders, starting from 1 up to 1000 rijksdaalders.
The exchange rate of these credit notes and the exchange against cash was problematic due to the impoverished situation of the VOC and resulted in substantial depreciation and the notes being sold at exchange rates lower than 15%.
Just before the VOC got bankrupt in 1799, the Netherlands Indies government issued new emissions, even during the French occupation (in the name of King Lodewijk Napoleon) and the English occupation (in the name of the English East India Company EEIC)) until approximately 1810.
Example of this first papermoney, a rijksdaalder from 1799, good for 48 zwaare stuyvers Indish money, issued in t’ Casteel (the Castle) in Batavia. The notes carry authenticity marks with VOC stamps on obverse and reverse, on handmade paper and has signatures by Brongers, Brinkman and Kleijnst(?).
This extremely rare note price estimate 28.000 Euro.
Source:
Gedenkboek van De Javasche Bank 1828-1928, L. de Bree, G. Kolff & Co., Weltevreden
Look part two
Driwancybermuseum's Blog 
